Analyze the pace of structural adjustment and institutional reform in the mold industry in 2012

In the past 30 years, the rapid development of China's mold industry, the structural adjustment of the mold industry and the pace of structural reforms have increased, and a number of competitive mold manufacturing enterprises have emerged. However, the overall level of the mold industry still lags behind the international advanced level for many years, mold output still can not meet the mold market demand, the entire domestic mold to meet the market rate of less than 80%. In particular, middle and high-grade molds with high mold technology content have less than 60% satisfaction rate. In order to meet the needs of the domestic market, China has to import a large number of molds every year. The annual trade deficit of domestic import and export molds reaches US$1 billion. Luo Baihui, a mold specialist, pointed out that the Chinese mold industry still needs to increase efforts in nine areas.

1, increase the output value, the development of high-grade mold.

At present, the total mold production value of the world is about 100 billion U.S. dollars. China's mold sales in 2010 have reached 112 billion yuan (RMB). In the past ten years, the output value of domestic molds has increased by an average of 18% per year, which is higher than the annual growth rate of GPD in China. However, the total amount of molds is still in short supply, and the self-provision rate of domestic molds is less than 80%. Among them, the supply of middle and low molds is oversupplied, and high Nearly 50% of the mold is imported, especially large, sophisticated, complex, long-life die gaps are greater. China is a large importer of molds. The annual import amount is equivalent to 25-30% of the domestic mold production value. Due to the rapid development of China's mold industry, it has stimulated the consumption of domestic mold steel. Since the 21st century, the output of domestic mold steel has increased rapidly.

2. Adjust the organizational structure, product structure, technical structure and import and export structure of the enterprise.

Mould is an important process foundation for manufacturing industry. In China, mold manufacturing belongs to special equipment manufacturing industry. Although China started to make molds and use molds very early, it has not formed an industry for a long time. Until the late 1980s, the Chinese mold industry entered the fast lane of development. In recent years, not only the state-owned mold enterprises have made great progress, but also the development of foreign-funded enterprises and township and village (individual) mold enterprises has been rapid. Although China's mold industry is developing rapidly, it is clearly in short supply compared with demand. Its main gap is concentrated in the field of precision, large-scale, complex, and long-life molds. Due to the accuracy, longevity, manufacturing cycle, and production capacity of molds, there is still a large gap between China's average level and the international average and developed countries. Therefore, a large number of molds need to be imported each year.

In recent years, the pace of structural adjustment and system reform in the mold industry has increased, mainly because large-scale, sophisticated, complex, long-life, medium-to-high-grade molds and mold standard parts have developed faster than general mold products; the proportion of plastic molds and die casting molds has increased; The number of professional mold factories and their production capacity have increased; “three foreign capital” and private enterprises have developed rapidly; and the pace of joint-stock reform has been accelerated. In terms of regional distribution, the development of the southeastern coastal areas centered on the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta is faster than that in the central and western regions, and the development in the south is faster than in the north. The provinces with the most rapid development and the most concentrated mold production are Guangdong and Zhejiang. Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui, and Shandong have also witnessed considerable development in recent years. Luo Baihui believes that in addition to continuing to increase its production capacity, the Chinese mold industry must focus on the adjustment of the internal structure of the industry and the improvement of the level of technological development. The structural adjustment is mainly focused on the adjustment of the enterprise structure to the specialization, the development of the product structure towards middle-to-high-end molds, the improvement of the import and export structure, the analysis and structural improvement of the molds for mid-to-high-end automotive panels, multi-functional composite molds and composite machining, and laser technology. In the mold design and manufacturing applications, high-speed cutting, ultra-precision machining and polishing technology, information technology development.

3, improve the level of mold products.

At present, the domestic mold production cycle is higher than the international level, but the product level is still relatively low, mainly in the mold accuracy, cavity surface roughness, life and structure.

4, enhance development capabilities and economic benefits.

The proportion of technicians in China's mold enterprises is low, their level is low, and they do not attach importance to product development. They are often in a passive position in the market. The average annual output value of each mold worker in our country is about 10,000 US dollars. Most of the foreign mold industry developed countries are 150,000-200,000 US dollars, and some are as high as 250-300,000 US dollars. In contrast, a considerable part of the mold enterprises in China still use the past. There are few companies that have realized the management of workshops and truly realized modern enterprise management.

5, increase the country's policy support for the mold industry.

Although the country has clearly promulgated the industry policy of the mold industry, it has few supporting policies and weak implementation. At present, there are only 185 companies that enjoy the value-added tax of mould products. Most companies still have heavy tax burdens. Mould companies to carry out technological transformation and introduction of equipment to pay a considerable amount of taxes, affecting technological progress, and private enterprise loans are very difficult.

6, increase personnel training, research and development investment.

The mold industry is a technology, capital, and labor-intensive industry. With the progress of the times and the development of technology, there is an abnormal shortage of talents who master and skillfully use new technologies, and senior mold fitters and enterprise management personnel are also very nervous. Due to the poor efficiency of mold enterprises and insufficient attention to scientific research and technology development, the eyes of research institutes and universities and colleges focus on income generation, resulting in too little investment in scientific research and development and technological breakthroughs in the mold industry, resulting in little development of mold technology. Progress is not fast.

7. Improve the level and utilization of technical equipment.

In recent years, China's machine tool industry has made rapid progress, and it has been able to provide relatively complete sets of high-precision processing equipment. However, compared with foreign equipment, there is still a large gap. Although many domestic companies have introduced many advanced foreign equipment, the overall level of equipment is much lower than many foreign companies. Due to institutional and financial reasons, the introduction of equipment is not complete, and equipment and accessories are not fully supported. The problem of low equipment utilization has not been properly solved for a long time.

8. Strengthen collaboration to further increase the degree of specialization, standardization, and commercialization.

Due to the long-term impact of “big and full” and “small and complete”, the level of mold specialization is low, the professional division of labor is not detailed, and the degree of commercialization is low. At present, the domestic production of molds, commodity molds only account for about 40%, the rest for their own production. Mould companies are not well-coordinated and it is difficult to complete large-scale tooling tasks. The low level of mold standardization and the low coverage of mold standard parts also have a great impact on the quality and cost of the mold, especially the mold manufacturing cycle.

9, to strengthen the mold material and mold technology research.

The performance, quality, and variety of mold materials often affect mold quality, life, and cost. There is a large gap between domestic mold steel and imported steel. Poor performance of plastics, plates, and equipment also directly affects the improvement of mold level.