Agricultural water pumps are widely used, how to properly use and maintain agricultural water pumps for irrigation, drainage and pump the normal operation and life is essential.
First, the installation of the pump
Pump installation and calibration is a crucial first step, although the pump unit at the factory has been corrected, but due to transport, assembly and other reasons, will lead to varying degrees of deformation or loosening, therefore, the pump should be installed while installing side Correction.
1, install step gather
(1) Clear the grease and dirt on the base, the base on the ground.
(2) Check the level of the base level, allowing the use of wedge leveling.
(3) cementing base and anchor bolt holes.
(4) After the cement is dry, check the base and the ground screw holes are loose, appropriate tighten the anchor bolts, re-check the level.
(5) Clean the support plane of the base, the pump foot and the motor foot plane, and install the pump and motor on the base.
(6) Check and adjust the coincidence of the pump and the motor shaft centerline, check whether the pump shaft and the motor shaft center line are the same, the difference between the upper and lower left and right sides of the outer circumference of the two coupling shafts should not exceed 0.1mm, Two coupling end face leaving clearance 2-3mm.
2, the pump must be installed during installation:
(1) The actual suction suction pump must be lower than the suction pump suction.
(2) The inlet pipe of the pump should be as short and straight as possible, and should not protrude upward or be higher than the pump on the horizontal line so as to avoid the cavitation increase and the decrease of efficiency when the pump is running.
(3) Pump outlet pipe should be properly expanded, and as close to the water surface, too high or too low will increase power consumption. Long-distance delivery should take a larger diameter. Pump piping should be dedicated bracket, do not allow piping weight on the pump, to avoid the pump crushed.
(4) The distance between the bottom valve of the pump and the inlet pipe from the bottom of the water source and the edge of the water source shall not be less than the diameter of the water inlet pipe. The water inlet pipe depth shall not be less than 0.5 meters. When installing more than two pumps, the distance between the bottom valve or inlet shall not be less than 2 times the outer diameter of the bottom valve or inlet.
(5) discharge pipe check valve should be installed outside the gate valve, pump head should be installed above 20 meters check valve.
(6) The diameter of the pulley should be calculated according to the speed calculation. When calculating the pulley diameter according to the formula, the factor of the tape slipping should be taken into account and the calculated value should be properly adjusted.
Second, the pump start, run and stop
Pump start, run and stop in strict accordance with operating procedures.
1, start
(1) pump start, the pump should be connected before the connection to determine the direction of rotation of the motor is correct, the pump rotation is flexible.
(2) Turn off the gate valve on the discharge line.
(3) fill the pump with water, or use a vacuum pump.
(4) Turn on the power. When the pump reaches normal speed, then gradually open the discharge valve on the pipeline, and adjust to the required conditions. In the discharge tube gate valve closed case, the pump can not work more than 3 minutes.
2, running
(1) During start-up operation, observe the readings of instrument, temperature rise and heat of bearing, water leakage and heating of packing, vibration and noise of pump, etc. if abnormal, and should be dealt with in time.
(2) The maximum bearing temperature is not more than 80 ℃, or not more than 40 ℃ than the ambient temperature.
(3) normal packing, water leakage should be a small amount of uniform.
(4) Lubrication with oil, the bearing oil level should be maintained in the normal position, not too high or too low, such as low, it should be timely replenishment of oil. When the grease is lubricated, the new pump should be replaced after 300 hours of operation. After every 1500 hours of operation, the oil should be changed. Ambient temperature below 0 ℃, suitable for oil lubrication; ambient temperature above 0 ℃, suitable for grease lubrication.
3, stop
Turn off the discharge valve after closing the gate valve.
Third, common problems and troubleshooting
1, the pump does not water. The first is to pump filled with water to exclude the tube of air; second is to reduce the pump suction height, so that the pump within the normal suction range; Third, check the bottom valve and the impeller to see if the end valve has been opened, there is no Mud silt, if necessary, to clean the impeller. Fourth, check the power system to see if the power cord is wrong, the rotation direction is correct.
2, pump a small amount of water. First, lack of speed, check the power system. Second, the sealing ring and impeller mouth ring parts wear serious replacement seal ring and impeller. Third, the end of the valve, impeller debris, demolition of the bottom valve and impeller and remove debris. Fourth, the suction pump suction over its rated suction, the pump during the work, the water level will drop, it will make the pump in the superabsorbent state work, it is determined that more than 0.5 meters suction pump, the water will be reduced by 20 % Or so, should be taken under the pump or installation should take into account the water level drop and other measures to make the pump suction in the normal range. Fifth, the export pipeline resistance, water damage, should shorten the pipe or increase the diameter. Sixth, the pump head is too large, according to the actual lift and calculate the water damage to re-select the appropriate flow of the pump.
3, abnormal noise inside the pump. First, the flow is too large, to reduce the outlet gate valve opening or increase the resistance of the outlet pipe to reduce the flow. Second, there is air infiltration, check the suction pipe is not sealed, plug the leak. Third, the suction stroke is too high, reducing the height of water absorption.
4, bearing overheating, pump vibration. First, there is no oil, to add oil. Second, the pump shaft bending. Once the pump vibration, should immediately overhaul. If the pump shaft bending is not serious, manual screw correction can be used, and then re-use, if serious bending, should be replaced immediately. Third, axial bearing clearance, bearing cap end plus paper pad adjustment. Fourth, the drive tape is too tight, adjust the position.
5, the motor heat, power consumption big. First, the packing pressed too tight, appropriate to relax the packing gland. Second, because the impeller wear is too large, the water pump to increase the replacement of the impeller or an appropriate outlet valve to increase the outlet resistance to reduce the flow.
Fourth, the pump maintenance and repair
1, in addition to using the pump in strict accordance with the installation instructions, should also pay attention to 2:00: First, avoid by "experience." Such as the pump valve leakage in the emergence of some machine plans to save trouble, before each boot, fill the inlet pipe to fill some dry soil, and then rushed to the soil rushed to the end of the valve so that the end of the valve watertight. This method looks easy, but not enough. Because when the pump starts to work, the bottom valve of the sand will be with the water into the pump, wear impeller, pump housing and shaft, seriously affecting the service life, the correct method should be overhaul the bottom valve, it can not be repaired ,replace. Second, find out the fault should be promptly eliminated, should not allow the crew "sick" work. For example, found that the pump shaft packing wear serious, to increase the filler, otherwise it will make the pump shaft packing leak. Pump shaft packing leaks not only make the unit energy consumption is too large, and cavitation will occur to speed up the damage to the impeller, a direct impact on pump life. As another example, found that the pump vibration, should immediately stop checking, or if the pump is likely to be bent and deformed safety accidents.
2, pump units and pipelines in use for a period of time, should do the following maintenance work.
(1) Exhaust water pump and the remaining water in the pipeline.
(2) If the disassembly is convenient, the pump and pipeline can be removed and cleaned.
(3) Check the ball bearings, such as jacket wear, Kuang, ball wear or the surface of the spots have to be replaced. Can still be used to clean the bearings with gasoline or kerosene butter preserved.
(4) Inspect the impeller for any cracks or small holes, and if the impeller is loose, repair or replace if damaged. Check the impeller wear ring gap, if more than the specified value, should be repaired or replaced.
(5) If both the pump and the pipe are not to be disassembled, cover the exit with a cover to prevent debris from entering.
(6) When the transmission tape is not used, the tape should be removed, washed with warm water, dried and stored in the place without direct sunlight, nor stored in places with oil, corrosives and smoke. In any case, do not allow the tape to be stained with oil, diesel or gasoline, and do not apply rosin and other sticky substances to the tape. Before use, remove the white powder from the contact surface of the tape.
(7) Scrub all screws and bolts with steel wire brush, apply oil or dip in diesel oil.
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