A, blast furnace slag ingredients manganese-rich manganese-rich slag component calculated under normal furnace conditions, depends mainly on the ore, manganese, manganese-rich slag is mainly determined by the ratio of iron manganese ore containing manganese, or the total amount of iron and manganese plus . The phosphorus content and iron content in the manganese-rich slag are mainly determined by the furnace temperature, the former is mainly controlled by the ingredients, and the latter is mainly controlled by the operation. Under normal furnace conditions, iron and phosphorus will not be produced. Therefore, it is mainly to do a good job of calculating the ingredients to solve the manganese qualification problem.
1) General process of batching calculation (1) Firstly, the distribution ratio of each element and oxide is determined. According to theoretical analysis and production practice, the distribution of each element and oxide is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Distribution of various elements and oxides by manganese-rich slag | |||
Elements and oxides | Slag rate /% | Ingot rate /% | Blow loss /% |
Mn | 85～90 | 3~8 | 3~8 |
Fe | 2 to 5 | 85～90 | 3~8 |
P | 2 to 5 | 85～90 | 3~8 |
Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO | 92~97 | 0 | 3~8 |
SiO 2 | the remaining | In Si0.5 | 3~8 |
(2) Determine the ore ratio 1 Determine the initial ratio based on the chemical composition of the raw materials.
2 Calculate the composition of the mixed minerals in the furnace (using the weighted average method).
3 According to mathematical statistics, the relationship between Mn and Fe in the ore containing 35% manganese-rich slag is as follows:
m(Fe)≥81.5-2.6m (Mh mine)
Where: m (Mn ore) is the calculated manganese content of the mixed ore; m (Fe) is the mixed ore containing m (Mn ore), and the minimum value of Fe is required to obtain the manganese-rich slag containing Mn 35%.
When it is confirmed by calculation that m (Fe ore) ≥ m (Fe), a qualified manganese-rich slag is generally obtained.
(3) Determine the coke load. The coke load is determined according to the production practice experience, the theoretical calculation is complicated, and it is rarely used in daily production. The coke load is closely related to the iron content of the ore in the furnace. Generally, the mixed ore contains high iron and the coke load is light. Generally, the iron content of ore is about 20%, the coke load is 3~3.5, and when the iron content is about 30%, the coke load is 2.5~3.0.
(4) Calculation of manganese-rich slag and by-product iron composition 1 Calculate the amount of slag by the amount of 100 kg of ore and the corresponding amount of coke, and convert manganese, iron and phosphorus into low-oxides.
2 The amount of various slags is added to the slag amount of 100 kg of ore, and then the composition is further calculated.
3 Calculate the coke ratio and the ratio of the ore by the amount of slag.
4 Similarly, with 100kg of ore and the corresponding amount of coke, the iron content is calculated according to the iron content, and the iron content of 100kg ore is calculated by dividing the carbon content of pig iron by 4.5%.
5 Check whether the slag component is qualified, and calculate the iron slag ratio if it is qualified. If the manganese component is unsatisfactory or the A1 2 O 3 in the slag is more than 20%, the ratio is adjusted and then calculated.
2) Calculation example of manganese-rich slag blending With three different types of ore blending of A, B and C, smelting manganese-rich slag containing more than 35% manganese and 38% or less. [next]
(1) The ore composition and coke composition are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Â Ore composition and mixing of ore into coke ash and composition (%) | ||||||||
Mineral | Mn | Fe | P | SiO 2 | CaO | MgO | Al 2 O 3 | Match ratio |
A | 28.0 | 15.0 | 0.25 | 25.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 7.0 | 60 |
B | 18.5 | 34.0 | 0.1 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 8.0 | 30 |
C | 28.5 | 27.5 | 0.1 | 9.50 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 4.5 | 10 |
Mixed mine | 25.15 | 21.95 | 0.19 | 18.95 | 1.35 | 0.8 | 7.05 | 100 |
Coke ash (20% content) | 　 | 　 | 0.2 | 50 | 8.0 | 　 | 42.0 | 　 |
(2) The proposed ore ratio is 60% for mine A, 30% for mine B, and 10% for mine C;
(3) Calculate the composition of the mixed ore in the furnace, m(Mn)/m(Fe)=1.14, W(Mn+Fe)=47.1%;
(4) Calculate m(Fe): m(Fe)=81.5-2.6 m (Mn ore)=16.11, m(Fe ore)≥m(Fe)
It can be seen that the manganese-rich slag obtained by smelting can contain Mn amount ≥ 35%
(5) Calculating the composition of manganese-rich slag 1 Assuming a coke load of 3.3, that is, 30 kg of coke is required for 100 kg of ore.
2 Calculate the amount of slag by 100 kg of ore and corresponding 30 kg of coke.
a. Manganese and manganese oxide entering the slag (manganese slag rate is calculated as 90%).
m(Mn)=25.15×90%=22.64kg
m(MnO)=22.64×71÷55=29.22kg
b. Iron and ferrous oxide entering the slag (calculated by the slag rate of 3%).
m(Fe)=21.95×3%=0.66kg
m(FeO)=0.66×72÷56=0.8kg
C. enter the amount of SiO 2 in the slag, the slag of SiO 2, which is the total amount of 95% into the furnace.
Calculate the amount of iron, the iron content of by-products is 80%~90%, calculated by 88%, and the iron element is calculated as 92% of the pig iron.
The amount of pig iron is: Q=21.95×92%÷88%=22.9kg
The iron content of pig iron is 0.5%, then the amount of Si in iron is m(Si)=22.94×0.5%=0.12kg
The amount of SiO 2 required for reduction is 0.12 × 60 ÷ 28 = 0.25 kg
Then the amount of SiO 2 entering the slag:
m(SiO 2 )=18.95×95%+30×20%×50%×95%-0.25
=20.6kg
. d the amount of Al 2 O 3 into the slag, the slag into the Al 2 O 3 ratio is 95 percent:
m(Al 2 O 3 )=7.05×95%+30×20%×42%×95%=9.09kg
e. The amount of CaO and MgO entering the slag, and the slag rate of CaO and MgO is 95%:
m(CaO)=1.35×95%+30×20%×8%×95%=1.73kg
m(MgO)=0.8×95%=0.76kg
f. amount of P 2 O 5 entering the slag m(P 2 O 5 )=(0.19+30×20%×0.2%)×3%×144÷62
=0.014kg
table 3 Â Manganese-rich slag amount and composition | ||||||
ingredient | MnO | FeO | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO |
Quality / kg | 29.2 | 0.84 | 20.6 | 9.09 | 1.73 | 0.76 |
content/% | 46.95 | 1.34 | 33.1 | 14.6 | 2.77 | 1.22 |
ingredient | P 2 O 5 | sum | m(Mn) | m(Fe) | m(P) | 　 |
Quality / kg | 0.014 | 62.24 | 22.64 | 0.66 | 0.0075 | 　 |
content/% | 0.028 | 100 | 36.36 | 1.05 | 0.012 | 　 |
(6) Inspection: manganese-rich slag m(CaO+MgO)/m(SiO 2 )=0.12, m(SiO 2 )/m(Al 2 O 2 )=2.26, containing Mn, Fe, P all meet the requirements.
(7) Calculation of the iron content of the secondary production a. The amount of manganese in the iron, the rate of manganese into the iron is 5%
m(Mn)=25.15×5%=1.26kg
b. The amount of iron in the iron, the iron into the iron rate is 92% m (Fe) = 21.95 × 92% = 20.19kg
c. The amount of Si reduced into iron m(Si)=0.12kg
dP iron content, P iron rate is 92% m(P)=(0.19+30×20%×0.2%)×92%=0.19kg
Table 4 Iron production and composition table | ||||||
element | Mn | Fe | Si | P | C | sum |
quality/% | 1.26 | 20.19 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.125 | 22.89 |
content/% | 5.54 | 88.2 | 0.52 | 0.83 | 4.94 | 99.99 |
(8) Calculation of mine ratio and coke ratio Mine ratio: 1000÷62.24×100=1607kg/t
Focus ratio: 1607÷3.3=487kg/t
2. Calculation of smelting ingredients for electric furnace rich manganese slag
A simple calculation method is introduced than the example. 1) The original conditions of calculation (1) Chemical composition of manganese ore Chemical composition Mn Fe P SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 CaO MgO
Content /% 24.50 31.00 0.03 12.5 12.5 0.6 0.5
(2) Coke composition Fixed carbon: 80%; Ash: 17%
Table 5 Distribution rate of each element /% | |||
project | Mn | Fe | P |
Slag | 85 | 5 | 5 |
Pig iron | 13 | 95 | 75 |
Volatilization | 2 | 　 | 20 |
(3) The utilization rate of coke is 92%.
(4) It is set that Fe 2 O 3 →FeO and MnO 2 →Mn 3 O 4 are all thermally decomposed, and coke is not directly consumed. Further, all of FeO→Fe, Mn 3 O 4 →MnO and MnO→Mn are reduced by coke. Reduction of coke consumption such as Si and P is rare and is supplemented by electrode consumption without additional coke consumption to simplify calculation.
2) Calculation of simple ingredients Based on the calculation method based on 100kg ore, 100kg of manganese ore consumes about 13.5kg of dry coke.
(1) The content of manganese-rich slag is calculated by the following formula
Where w (Mn (mine) ), w (Fe (mine) ) - manganese ore, iron content, %;
η Mn (in) , η Fe (in) - the slag rate of manganese, the slag rate of iron, %;
A——weight of coke ash per 100kg of mine, kg;
B - the total weight of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO per 100 kg of ore, kg. [next]
Substituting the raw data into the above formula, the manganese content of the manganese-rich slag is
From the above calculations:
The amount and main components of manganese-rich slag and produced iron produced by 100kg manganese ore are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 Quantity and composition of manganese-rich slag and pig iron | ||||
name | chemical composition(%) | Production / kg | ||
Mn | Fe | P | ||
Manganese-rich residue | 39.11 | 2.91 | 0.003 | 53.25 |
pig iron | 9.26 | 85.64 | 0.1 | 34.39 |
(3) Calculation of coke consumption Coke consumption is mainly used for the reduction of iron and manganese and the carburization of pig iron.
The amount of carbon required to reduce the manganese entering the manganese-rich slag: Mn 3 O 4 + C = 3MnO + CO
53.25×0.391×12÷165=1.15kg
The amount of carbon required to reduce manganese entering pig iron: MnO+C=Mn+CO
34.29×0.0926×12÷55=0.68kg
The amount of carbon required to reduce the iron entering the pig iron: FeO+C=Fe+CO
34.39×0.8564×12÷56=6.31kg
The amount of carbon in the secondary iron production: 34.39 × 0.045 = 1.55kg
The total carbon required for the above four items is 1.51+0.68+6.31+1.55=10.05kg
The amount of dry coke converted into: 10.05 ÷ 0.90 × 0.80 = 13.96kg
(4) The ratio of manganese ore to coke is manganese ore/coke = 100/13.96
(5) Consumption per ton of manganese-rich slag Manganese ore: 1000÷53.25×100=1878kg
Coke carbon: 1878÷13.96=262kg
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