China in October 2009 put forward the national network of smart meter business standards, made a smart meter smarter requirements. Although this year the standard has entered a fully revised phase, but the basic requirements of the smart meter is still clear, usually it will have the following features.
1. Need to have two-way power transmission and metering functions
As the home interface of the power grid, on the one hand, the power grid delivers safe and high-quality power to users' electrical equipment through smart meters; and with the widespread application of new energy sources, many distributed new energy sources, such as wind energy and solar energy, Has been fully used in the client, this micro-distributed energy can also be fed back to the grid through the smart meter, and grid and grid. Therefore, smart meters need to have two-way power transmission and metering functions.
Of course, with the help of the smart meter internal MCU powerful computing power support, smart meters can also be reliable power management, such as timeshare management, user electricity classification management, maximum load control and so on. Through these management, some high-energy-consuming equipment is provided with preferential discount from the peak period of power consumption to the non-peak period of power consumption, the peak-shifting peak load is used to improve the operation efficiency of the power grid and the user is also saved.
2. need to have two-way communication
The two-way communication includes two aspects, one is the two-way communication between the smart meter and the user interaction terminal, and the other is the two-way communication between the smart meter and the distribution network. As a connecting unit between the user terminal and the power grid, the smart meter can manage the power usage of the terminal by the user, and the user terminal can feed back the power consumption to the smart meter in real time. In the distribution network, the smart meter can pass The communication network sends the electricity information to the distribution network, and the distribution network can control the smart meter in real time through the communication network.
At present, the communication between the smart meter and the user terminal is mainly achieved through wireless communication methods such as ZigBee, WiFi, and other dedicated buses such as M-Bus and power line modem. The user terminal is interconnected with the smart meter through the energy gateway. However, there are various forms of communication between the smart meter and the remote distribution network, such as PLC (Power Line Communication), WiMax, OFDM, etc., and communication network communication. Here also by the way, by the "smart grid" this golden signboard, the State Grid is also actively building its own exclusive power optical fiber communications network, I believe in the next few years, the national network may build in addition to China Telecom, China Mobile, China Unicom and radio and television after the fifth optical communications network.
3 load switch control functions
With remote communication capabilities, users can remotely control various smart loads in the home, such as air conditioners, washing machines, refrigerators, and lighting , through the Internet or mobile communication network in different places, and remote communication through smart meters Off-site monitoring and alarm.
Of course, so far, there is not a widely accepted definition of smart meters in the world. Many of the concepts are not perfect or not yet clear. This is the reason why State Grid Smart Meter Enterprise Standards have been fully revised in more than two years. But to meet the above three requirements can basically be considered a smart meter.
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