The No. 1 Project on the Ancient Silk Road --- Aksu Hua Jinda Fertilizer Engineering Project of the "Tenth Five-Year" Key Project

Kuqa County, located north of the Taklimakan Desert in southern Xinjiang, is a historically significant location on the ancient Silk Road. It was once the capital of the ancient kingdom of Kucha and had limited industrial development. In August 2003, a major shift began when a large-scale fertilizer project was launched five kilometers east of Kuqa County, near National Highway 314. Colorful flags waved, and gongs echoed as local Uighurs watched with curiosity, wondering what would come next. Two years later, on November 22, 2005, Cheng Yaoming, executive deputy chief of the Aksu Huajin Chemical Fertilizer Engineering Command from Liaoning Huajin Chemical (Group) Co., Ltd., explained the significance of the project: "The Huajin Fertilizer Project is a key initiative in Xinjiang and the largest foreign investment project in Aksu. At the time, the region only had a small nitrogen fertilizer plant, Zep Fertilizer, which couldn't meet the demand. Due to poor transportation, urea from northern Xinjiang and the mainland was difficult to bring down. With the discovery of abundant natural gas in southern Xinjiang, the regional government and Aksu Prefecture decided to build a large urea plant. When the National Development and Reform Commission approved it in early 2002, it became the top priority for the Aksu government." The Aksu Huajin Fertilizer Plant was part of a larger project under China Petrochemical Corporation, including a 300,000-ton synthetic ammonia and 520,000-ton urea facility. These plants were among the first 13 fertilizer projects introduced by Premier Zhou Enlai in 1973. However, due to outdated technology and raw material issues, they were not fully utilized at the time. The project involved dismantling and reassembling old equipment, which made construction more challenging than building new facilities. The devices had undergone multiple technical upgrades over the past 30 years, making them different from their original blueprints. Xu Jian, deputy general manager of the China Chemical Engineering 9th Construction Company, noted: "Thanks to our long-term collaboration with Huajin Group, we managed to dismantle and reinstall the equipment using experience and partial drawings. This was our fifth large fertilizer plant, and our expertise helped us complete the task efficiently." The cost was relatively low—800 million yuan in cash investment, plus additional equipment, totaling just 1.1 billion yuan. For a similar-sized plant, the investment would typically be over 2–3 billion yuan. This made the project particularly important for western China. Unlike the relocation of a fertilizer plant in Ningxia from Europe, this project involved combining two large chemical units, a first in the world. Even experienced teams faced challenges, especially with large components like the 28-meter-high, 98-ton urea synthesis tower that couldn’t be split. Transporting these parts over 5,000 km of complex roads required careful planning. Jiuhua Jian sent survey teams to ensure safe transport. Previously, such projects took 2.5 to 3 years, but Aksu Huajin was completed in just 1 year and 8 months. On November 9, the gasifier of the synthetic ammonia system was successfully ignited, marking the completion of the plant and the start of the trial phase. Final purging is underway, with urea production expected by mid-December. This project filled a critical gap in southern Xinjiang's fertilizer industry and marked the beginning of large-scale industrial development in the region. Once completed, Huajin Chemical will become the largest and most competitive fertilizer company in China. Jiuhua Jian plans to establish a branch in southern Xinjiang, expanding its operations. This also represents a revival of old industrial enterprises in Northeast China, serving as an important strategy for revitalization.

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