# Introduction to JIS G3106 Steel Plate
The JIS G3106 specification outlines the requirements for hot-rolled carbon steel plates primarily used in welded structures. These steel grades cater to a wide range of applications, from building construction to heavy industrial machinery. The steel grades covered by this specification include: SM400A/B/C, SM490A/B/C, SM490YA/YB, SM520B/C, and SM570.
### Applications:
- **SM400A/B/C**: These are structural quality carbon steel sections, plates, and rods intended for riveted, bolted, or welded construction projects like bridges and buildings, as well as general structural purposes.
- **SM490A/B/C**: Hot-rolled steel plates suitable for outdoor engineering, shipbuilding, and military (armor) construction needs.
- **SM490YA/YB**: Extra-heavy steel plates designed for use in welded structures, particularly in bridge and highway construction.
- **SM520B/C**: Extra-heavy steel plates for welded structures, characterized by their low carbon content and high strength. They also exhibit excellent cold-forming properties.
- **SM570**: A low-alloy high-strength steel plate, often used for mechanical parts such as jibs, cranes, chassis, construction bridges, and mobile equipment.
### JIS G3106 Chemical Composition:
Below is a detailed breakdown of the chemical composition for each steel grade:
| Symbol | C max | Si max | Mn | P max | S max |
|--------|-------|--------|----|-------|-------|
| SM400A | 0.23 | - | 2.5x c min | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM400B | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0.6-1.40 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM400C | 0.19 | 0.35 | 1.4 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490A | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490B | 0.19 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490C | 0.19 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490YA | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490YB | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM520B | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM520C | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM570 | 0.19 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
### JIS G3106 Mechanical Properties:
| Symbol | Yield Point or Proof Stress N/mm² (min) | Tensile Strength N/mm² | Elongation % min |
|--------|------------------------------------------|-------------------------|------------------|
| SM400A/B/C | 245/235 | 400-510 | 23 |
| SM490A/B/C | 325/315 | 490-610 | 22 |
| SM490YA/YB | 365/355 | 490-610 | 19 |
| SM520B/C | 365/355 | 520-640 | 19 |
| SM570 | 460/450 | 570-720 | 19 |
### Charpy Impact Absorption Energy:
| Grade Symbol | Test Temperature °C | Charpy Absorption Energy J (min) | Test Piece |
|--------------|---------------------|----------------------------------|------------------|
| SM400B | 0 | 27 | No.4 in rolling direction |
| SM400C | 0 | 47 | |
| SM490B | 0 | 27 | |
| SM490C | 0 | 47 | |
| SM490YB | 0 | 27 | |
| SM520B | 0 | 27 | |
| SM520C | 0 | 47 | |
| SM570 | -5 | 47 | |
### JIS G3106 Equivalent Steel Standards:
| ASTM | DIN | BS EN | AFNOR | UNI | JIS | GOST |
|--------------|--------------------|------------------------|------------|-----------------|----------------|----------------|
| A 570 Gr.40 | S275JR St44-2 | Fe 430 B FN 1449 43/25 HR | E 28-2 | AE 275 B Fe 430 B FN | SM 400 A;B;C | St4ps; sp |
| A 572 Gr.65 | E335 (Fe 590-2) St60-2 | Fe 60-2 4360-55 E; 55 C | A 60-2 | Fe 60-2 Fe 590 | SM 570 | St6ps; sp |
This specification ensures that the steel products meet stringent quality standards, making them suitable for diverse industrial applications. Whether you're constructing bridges, manufacturing heavy machinery, or designing ships, these steel grades provide reliable performance and durability.
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