# Introduction to JIS G3106 Steel Plate
The JIS G3106 specification covers hot-rolled carbon steel plates intended primarily for the fabrication of welded structures. This standard includes a variety of steel grades designed to cater to different industrial needs. These grades include: SM400A/B/C, SM490A/B/C, SM490YA/YB, SM520B/C, and SM570.
### Applications:
- **SM400A/B/C**: These grades are used in structural steel components such as beams, columns, and plates for building and bridge construction. They are suitable for projects that require riveted, bolted, or welded connections.
- **SM490A/B/C**: Known for their durability, these steel plates are often employed in outdoor engineering, shipbuilding, and military applications like armor plating.
- **SM490YA/YB**: Specifically designed for extra-heavy-duty applications, these steel plates are commonly found in the construction of bridges and highways where robustness is paramount.
- **SM520B/C**: Ideal for heavy-duty structural applications, this grade is not only strong but also exhibits excellent cold-forming capabilities, making it versatile for complex designs.
- **SM570**: A low-alloy high-strength steel plate, it is widely used in the manufacturing of mechanical parts, cranes, chassis, construction bridges, and mobile equipment.
### Chemical Composition:
| Symbol | Carbon Max (%) | Silicon Max (%) | Manganese (%) | Phosphorus Max (%) | Sulfur Max (%) |
|--------|----------------|-----------------|---------------|--------------------|----------------|
| SM400A | 0.23 | - | 2.5x0.23 min | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM400B | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0.6-1.4 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM400C | 0.19 | 0.35 | 1.4 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490A | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490B | 0.19 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490C | 0.19 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490YA| 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM490YB| 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM520B | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM520C | 0.20 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| SM570 | 0.19 | 0.55 | 1.6 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
### Mechanical Properties:
| Symbol | Yield Point N/mm² (Min) | Tensile Strength N/mm² | Elongation % Min |
|--------|--------------------------|-------------------------|------------------|
| SM400A | 245 | 400-510 | 23 |
| SM400B | 235 | 400-510 | 19 |
| SM400C | 235 | 400-510 | 22 |
| SM490A | 325 | 490-610 | 22 |
| SM490B | 315 | 490-610 | 17 |
| SM490C | 315 | 490-610 | 21 |
| SM490YA| 365 | 490-610 | 19 |
| SM490YB| 355 | 490-610 | 15 |
| SM520B | 365 | 520-640 | 19 |
| SM520C | 355 | 520-640 | 15 |
| SM570 | 460 | 570-720 | 19 |
### Charpy Impact Absorption Energy:
| Grade Symbol | Test Temperature (°C) | Energy Absorption (J Min) | Test Piece |
|--------------|------------------------|---------------------------|------------|
| SM400B | 0 | 27 | No.4 |
| SM400C | 0 | 47 | No.4 |
| SM490B | 0 | 27 | No.4 |
| SM490C | 0 | 47 | No.4 |
| SM490YB | 0 | 27 | No.4 |
| SM520B | 0 | 27 | No.4 |
| SM520C | 0 | 47 | No.4 |
| SM570 | -5 | 47 | No.4 |
### Equivalent Steel Standards:
| ASTM | DIN | BS EN | AFNOR | UNI | JIS | GOST |
|--------------|---------------|----------------------|---------|---------------|--------------|-------------|
| A 570 Gr.40 | S275JR | Fe 430 B FN 1449 43/25 HR | E 28-2 | AE 275 B Fe 430 B FN | SM 400 A;B;C | St4ps; sp |
| A 572 Gr.65 | E335 (Fe 590-2) St 60-2 | Fe 60-2 4360-55 E; 55 C | A 60-2 | Fe 60-2 Fe 590 | SM 570 | St6ps; sp |
This comprehensive overview provides a clear understanding of the various grades within the JIS G3106 specification, highlighting their chemical compositions, mechanical properties, and applications across multiple industries.
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