The advent of the 3D display era and the continuous upgrade of the Internet have caused the information to skyrocket in geometric progression. The development of new information technologies such as Next Generation Internet (IPv6), Internet of Things, cloud computing and cloud storage poses new challenges for data storage and display , Large-capacity data storage and ultra-high-resolution image display has become the biggest challenge facing the current information technology. Holographic techniques may offer solutions to these problems.
In 1961, after the invention of the laser, the hologram was put to practical use. Holography uses the principle of light interference and special light-sensitive materials to precisely record the transmitted or transmitted light intensity and phase information of the subject to obtain a true stereoscopic image.
Holographic photography reproduces a precisely replicated object wave. When we "look" through this object wave, we can see the different sides of the rendered stereo image from every perspective as if we were seeing a realistic object, with depth of field and parallax. High magnification microscope to see the hologram surface, see the complex stripes, did not see the image of the object, these stripes is the use of laser- illuminated objects issued by the object light waves and reference light interference, the photosensitive plate was recorded in the plane formed That is to use coding methods to "freeze" the light wave.
Cao Liangcai, an associate researcher at Tsinghua University's Department of Precision Instruments, pointed out that holographic technology has a very good ability of wavefront and phase manipulation and has been used in many aspects such as holographic anti-counterfeiting, holographic quasi-mirror, commercial display, etc., and has broader applications prospect.
Holographic 3D display
The end of 2009 3D movie "Avatar" release. In 2011 a total of about 20 released 3D Hollywood movies. 2011 3D TV market blowout growth of nearly 500%, is expected by 2015, the number of households to buy 3D TVs will be more than 300 million units. Driven by the huge market and the demand, the basic research on 3D storage technology and display technology has been rapidly heating up by the governments and research institutions in Europe and the United States, Japan, South Korea and other countries. New materials, devices, methods and systems have been continuously developed in recent two years Breakthrough and come out.
Cao Liangcai pointed out that holographic display can be divided into two categories according to the working principle of the light wave modulation device used in holographic display. The first category is to write a signal to the light wave modulation device through voltage drive and modulate the complex amplitude of light, such as acousto-optic modulator , Digital micromirrors, liquid crystal silicon-based spatial light modulator. One is to optically write wavefront information in a holographic material to generate a holographic pixel, an array of holographic pixels to complex amplitude modulate light, such as polymeric photorefractive materials, photorefractive crystals, photoinduced Discoloration materials.
In the next generation of display technology, holographic technology is a hot spot, and has been rapidly developed. In 2008 and 2010, Nature magazine twice published the progress made by S. Tay et al. At the University of Arizona in the real-time display of holographic 3D real-time display of real three-dimensional objects in real time. This technique is expected to be implemented in remote digital Medical and digital defense technology has been applied. In 2011, Science published a study on the limitations of surface plasmon resonance to overcome the limitations of monochromatic holographic display at Tokyo Denki University and Osaka University by K. Kawata. They covered the surface of a glass substrate with a planarized holographic material with a metallic film to achieve true color 3D digital holographic image storage and reproduction.
Cao Liangcai said that the holographic three-dimensional display can display the amplitude and phase information of the object at the same time. It is a true next generation true 3D display technology, but it also faces some challenges. For example, a special recording system needs to record the amplitude and phase information of an object, Need spatially coherent light illumination, submicron pixels required, and how to generate computationally realistic 3D holograms.
Holographic digital storage
In the era of information explosion, massive amounts of data such as satellite data, remote sensing data, meteorological data, seismic data, and medical data need to be stored, and the information display is advanced from two-dimensional plane display to three-dimensional display. By 3 orders of magnitude, holographic storage has garnered a great deal of attention under the huge storage requirements.
According to Cao Liangcai introduction, holographic storage is inspired by the holographic development and it needs a holographic high-efficiency system, first of all, using a laser beam of light within the crystal opaque small box, record the original pattern, and then use a Beam laser focus to form a signal source, but also need a bunch of reference laser as a calibration, when the signal source beam and the reference beam meet in the crystal, the crystal will show the pattern of multi-angle of refraction, thus forming a grating in the crystal, A raster can store a batch of data, called a page. Because a crystal has countless faces, simply changing the angle of incidence of the laser beam can store a surprising amount of data in a single crystal.
Cao Liangcai pointed out that holographic storage can surpass the existing flat-bit storage, which is a three-dimensional page storage method with the characteristics of ultra-high storage density, ultra-fast and large capacity, and the holographic disk can reach the TB level and the data transmission is reachable Gbp / s, InPhase in the United States, and Optware in Japan have been working in the field of holographic storage, especially in the development of high-capacity holographic discs.
In Cao Liangcai's opinion, holographic storage development faces two major difficulties: First, the problem of signal interference, because the holographic is used to expose the laser image on the disc, and then use the objective lens to capture the decoding, so the working principle, has led to the holographic The driver is very sensitive to interference of light and other noises. Second, it is sensitive to vibration and temperature characteristics. When the holographic driver is working, a little bit of vibration will cause the holographic imaging to deviate. In spite of this, holographic storage technology will also play a decisive role in the future of a rapidly growing volume of information.
Holographic image processing
Information optics is a combination of optical technology and information technology, which has been developing rapidly in recent years. Optical technology is very important for the collection, storage, transmission, processing and display of information. Holographic image processing provides an image processing different from electronic computer method.
The optical correlator is based on the optical correlation image recognition technology, and then uses the Fourier transform property of the optical lens, calculates the holographic filter and the frequency domain filtering technology, and realizes the related operation processing of the optical image. Compared with electronic computer image recognition technology, optical image recognition technology has the natural spatial parallelism, fast speed, large information capacity, and free from electromagnetic interference.
Holographic holographic correlator based on ultra-high density holographic storage and VLC optical correlation recognition technology, according to CAO Liang-cai introduction, its greatest feature is the integration of memory and computing device, which focuses on the holographic memory capacity, multi-channel, fast and so on And optical correlator strong anti-jamming performance, high accuracy, good real-time, etc., to be able to quickly multi-channel parallel computing, two orders of magnitude higher than the traditional photoelectric system.
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