With the development of China's wind power industry, the issue of sustainable use of wind energy resources has received much attention in the context of climate warming, and research on changes in wind climate and wind energy reserves in China has gradually developed. The research on wind speed can help us understand more deeply the changes of wind speed and wind direction, grasp the changing rules of wind speed and direction, and make better use of wind speed and wind direction. Among them, the wind anemometer is an instrument that is specially used to detect changes in the wind speed. In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, more and more in-depth studies have been conducted on the wind direction, and wind anemometers just provide the possibility. In addition, the field microclimate automatic observer can also measure the wind speed and direction, and this instrument can not only measure the wind speed and direction, but also has the function of temperature and humidity recorder, which can simultaneously measure other multiple parameters such as temperature, humidity, illuminance, dew point, etc. The parameters are also called small weather stations.
The calculation and analysis of the annual and monsoon changes in China in the past 50 years show that: 1) The annual maximum wind direction frequency in most regions of China shows a decreasing trend, and the trend of the decrease of the maximum wind direction frequency in most of the northwestern regions, south China and southwest regions is particularly significant. Decrease 1~3d every 10 years. Some areas in the west have an increasing trend. 2) The average wind speed corresponding to the annual maximum wind direction frequency in all regions of the country showed a significant declining trend. The areas with the most significant declining trend were northern North China and its north and southeast coastal areas, with an average reduction of 0.3 m/year for 10 years. s around. 3) The decreasing trend of the average wind speed corresponding to the annual maximum wind direction frequency is more significant than the decreasing trend of the annual average wind speed. The reduction of the wind speed corresponding to the maximum wind direction frequency is the dominant factor for the reduction of annual average wind speed. 4) The distribution of the trend of the maximum wind direction during the four seasons in each region is similar to the distribution of the trend of the annual maximum wind direction frequency. In most parts of China, especially in the north, the trend of the decrease of the maximum wind direction frequency in winter (January) is more obvious than in other seasons. 5) The northerly wind prevailing in winter in each region and the southerly wind prevailing in summer have a significant declining trend, which is mainly due to the weakening of Asian winter monsoon and summer monsoon. It is worth noting that wind, especially wind direction, is characterized by strong local conditions, large changes over time, and complex effects. Small changes in the terrain or surrounding environment can have a very significant impact on the measurement of wind, especially wind direction. China's terrain is complex. The surrounding environment of wind measurement instruments and small weather stations also varies greatly, which makes it difficult to analyze changes in wind and wind direction.
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