Recently, with the approval of the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce announced the “Guidance Catalogue for Foreign Investment Industries (Revised in 2015)†(hereinafter referred to as the “Guidance Catalogueâ€), which will take effect on April 10, 2015. The Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue (revised in 2011) was also suspended.
From 2004 to 2015, the "Guidance Catalogue" has been revised four times in a decade. Comparing the four revised editions, the reporter found that the country has continuously relaxed foreign investment in the auto parts industry, and encouraged investment projects to be more and more refined in key parts and components. As an important guiding principle for foreign investment, the "Guidance Catalogue" brings pressure and challenges while promoting the development of China's automobiles and parts.
â– Ten years of changes have three reviews of the "Guidance Catalogue" 2004 edition, 2007 edition, 2011 edition, 2015 edition, the reporter found that there are three major changes in the decade.
First, encourage the increase in the total number of investment projects and relax foreign investment access. After four revisions, the Guidance Catalogue reduced investment restrictions on foreign investment in China's auto parts sector. In terms of encouraging investment projects, the total number of parts and components in the industry in 2004 was 7. Since 2007, the number of investment projects has been increased to 16. In 2011 and 2015, although the number of articles has not changed, the key components involved in each item and Key technologies are becoming more and more detailed. In terms of restricting investment projects and prohibiting investment projects, increase the intensity of opening up by reducing entries. For example, there were 3 restricted investment projects in 2004, and reduced to 1 in 2007, and fully liberalized in 2011 and 2015.
The second is to reduce the “limited to joint ventures and cooperation†regulations and change the management methods of foreign capital. Since 2007, the "Guidance Catalogue" has imposed restrictions on joint ventures and cooperation on the manufacture of key components and the development of key technologies in the investment projects. However, this regulation is also being released year by year. In 2007, there were 3 entries restricting joint ventures and cooperation in the manufacture of key components and key technologies for automobile production. In 2011, this category was reduced to 2, and in 2015, only one was left in this category.
Third, various sub-areas of parts and components encourage investment projects to be more detailed and more targeted. In terms of key components and key technologies, the number of technical items has increased and all of them have been released, and there is no set ratio limit. In automotive electronics development, high-tech electronic integration technology, electronic control systems, and in-vehicle electronic technologies have increased in opening; In terms of manufacturing, restrictions are imposed on more cutting-edge technologies, in which the gasoline engine power limit is revised from no less than 50KW to no less than 70KW; key parts of new energy vehicles are from scratch, and there are shares in key core batteries. Compared with the restrictions, the proportion of foreign investment required is not more than 50%; the number of recoverable and recyclable projects is gradually increasing, reflecting the country's encouragement of foreign investment to drive the development of parts and components in the direction of green, environmental protection and energy conservation.
â– Unlocking the market is an inevitable trend. Compared with the 50:50 stock ratio limit of the whole vehicle, in addition to the same restrictions on the energy-based power battery in the auto parts field, the other items are not limited and open. The intensity is also increasing year by year. More and more open entries indicate that compared with foreign-funded parts, the development of China's parts industry is still relatively lagging. It is necessary to continuously learn foreign technology to shorten the gap with international parts companies. Then, is it an inevitable trend for the auto parts industry to continue to open up and refine its foreign investment? Should we set a share ratio limit to protect autonomous parts companies? Judging from the interviews, most people affirmed that more and more refinement is an inevitable trend, but they do not agree with the stock ratio restrictions on the auto parts industry.
Chen Yujin, Marketing Director of Jiangsu Yizheng ASIMCO Shuanghuan Piston Ring Co., Ltd. said that the reduction of foreign investment access restrictions in the parts and components industry is an inevitable trend. In the core components of automatic transmission technology and electronic control technology, the core technology of China's parts and components enterprises is very weak. . Even in joint ventures, the monopoly of foreign capital on key technologies has caused China to learn no less in terms of technology and personnel training, and only some of the outdated technologies can be learned. "It can be said that the degree of market opening determines the degree to which Chinese companies can learn. Therefore, only by continuously relaxing the restrictions on entry to create opportunities for Chinese parts and components enterprises, enterprises can continue to narrow the gap with international enterprises by relying on their own efforts to develop. Under the greenhouse, there are no towering trees," Chen Yujin said. “The Guidance Catalogue has a more detailed impact on the auto parts industry. It is positive and timely.†Pi Yubao, deputy general manager of Beijing Hainachuan Hangsheng Automotive Electronics Co., Ltd. said that with the shortening of the vehicle development cycle, The upgrading of key technologies such as automotive electronics is accelerating, and auto parts companies must face increasingly fierce global competition. No stock-to-equity restrictions have created opportunities for independent parts companies to grow.
In addition, in the interview, some people think that the best period for the stock ratio industry to limit the stock ratio has passed, and the situation of foreign control of Chinese enterprises cannot be reversed. Even if the restrictions are not protected now, only the enterprises themselves must work hard. It is possible to make a good turnaround. "At the beginning of the WTO opening, China's auto parts market was not fully open. At that time, it was the best time to set the stock ratio limit. Now multinational companies have occupied the Chinese market in a large amount, and the market has already lost. In the high-end technology field, China's parts and components companies cannot. To compete with it, it is a fantasy to want to reverse the situation through stock ratio restrictions." An industry insider told reporters. "It is not feasible to protect self-owned brands through stock restrictions. From the current situation, we can only accept competition in the open." Min Minyong, deputy general manager of marketing of Zhejiang Wanan Technology Co., Ltd. said, "even if the ratio is limited, Foreign capital also has ways to circumvent it. What's more, the market is not liberalized, and technology cannot be introduced. Enterprises can't even talk about cutting-edge technology in opening up."
â– Actively attacking and smashing the market. The increased openness of the market brings opportunities to the parts and components enterprises. At the same time, it also brings risks. How can independent parts companies prevent foreign investors from controlling the Chinese market? "Actually, from the current market development situation, China's parts and components are already under control." Min Minyong said, but we still have to work hard to create conditions and take the initiative to create opportunities for breakthroughs and development.
Min Minyong believes that the foreign zero-relationship relationship is a mutual promotion and benign development relationship, and the whole vehicle will give priority protection to local parts and components enterprises. China's zero-relationship should also be like this. The government should create more opportunities for cooperation between parts and automakers and automakers, promote coordinated development of zero-relationships, and develop insurance mechanisms to eliminate the quality of auto parts and consumers. Concerns, encourage the market to give priority to independent brand parts and components.
In addition, another industry insider pointed out that domestic parts and components enterprises should truly achieve joint development. Like international parts companies, they will form a stable oligopoly competition pattern in the industry, concentrate human, material and financial resources and form an alliance with international parts companies. Counterbalance the competitive advantage. Enterprises themselves must learn from foreign-funded enterprises to adjust their development strategies according to development conditions in a timely manner, divest non-core businesses, expand core business through mergers and acquisitions, and concentrate on developing advantageous resources. In this way, you can make a good start.
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