The most suitable trend for the practical application of China’s “intellectual creation” is the agricultural sector.

The Central Economic Work Conference held recently clearly stated that "we must promote the transformation of China's manufacturing to China, the speed of China's transformation to China's quality, and the transformation of manufacturing powers into manufacturing powers." Some experts said that the party's 19th National Congress made a top-level design for China's manufacturing "toward the global value chain and cultivate advanced manufacturing clusters"; the Central Economic Work Conference further mapped out the "construction map". At present, China's manufacturing industry has market space and late-comer advantages, but it also faces challenges such as quality, brand and efficiency.

From selling equipment to anti-dumping: developed countries earned five times

After the financial crisis, the world's major economies have refocused their attention on manufacturing. The "1+X" planning system of "Made in China 2025" was released in full, which marked the completion of the system design. The US government has also proposed a “return of manufacturing industry”, which is expected to boost the economy and employment.

Manufacturing is the main battlefield of the national economy and the main battlefield of scientific and technological innovation, and it is also a concrete manifestation of the comprehensive strength of each country. For developing countries, the exchange of funds for products and the exchange of technology for the market is a common problem in the process of upgrading the manufacturing industry.

"Developed countries have made five times of money in the manufacturing industry in the manufacturing industry. The industry is different and the routines are similar." Long Fei, a researcher at the China Electronics and Information Industry Development Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, told the People's Daily Online reporter at the "New Era·China Zhijian Round Table Event" It is said that developed countries often create concepts to sell equipment, earn maintenance costs, sell core components, and sell technology. After the large-scale production of developing countries, due to the limited export of domestic exports to the export, they are facing anti-dumping sanctions from developed countries. For example, the photovoltaic industry is a living example.

"The 'middle income trap' simply understands that per capita GDP does not reach 10,000 US dollars, but it can also be explained as the low-end manufacturing transformation and upgrading is not smooth." Long Fei said that China's current industrial economy is in the forefront of the world, facing problems It is also complicated, and some content is outside the industrial system. In this context, the "Made in China 2025" with the time span of ten years was removed.

Some insiders said that if a country's manufacturing and other real economy did not achieve industrial upgrading, it would be stuck in the middle and lower reaches of the international division of labor. To solve the problem of China's overall industrial base productivity, the policy role is no longer limited to a certain industry or field, but to solve common problems in the entire industry.

He specifically said that the equipment manufacturing industry is an important "production tool" for the national economy, and tools can be produced to produce products. However, at present, the problems encountered in the equipment industry are difficult to solve by themselves, and the problems extend to components and even the materials industry. "In the case of an engine, the operating principle of the machine is not complicated, but some engines have a short working time because the machine spindle is difficult to carry out high-intensity work for a long time, and the precision of the material is not achieved."

In recent years, with the improvement of China's industrial system, products with "China Label" such as high-speed rail have played an increasingly important role in the global market. How to copy and promote successful cases, find opportunities, and solve problems are both meaningful and practical.

The vast space challenges still exist in agriculture

To clarify the top-level design, the party’s 19th National Congress pointed out that “promoting China’s industry to move into the global value chain and cultivating a number of advanced manufacturing clusters”; refining the “construction map”, the Central Economic Work Conference proposed, “promoting Chinese manufacturing to create in China” In the transformation, China’s speed has shifted to China’s quality, and the manufacturing power has changed to a manufacturing power.”

Li Jinbo, deputy director of the Industrial Planning Department of the China International Economic Exchange Center, said that China has three advantages in accelerating the development of advanced manufacturing. The first is the market advantage. There is no small market in China. The people's need for a better life is the development direction of advanced manufacturing. In the context of the “Belt and Road Initiative” and the new opening up system, there are global market opportunities in addition to local advantages; followed by latecomer advantages, manufacturing is expanding to data, network, and intelligence, software definition, intelligent manufacturing, and platform. Support and value-added services are becoming more and more obvious. Third, the advantages of state organization. The party’s 18th National Congress has introduced a series of measures, including “Made in China 2025” and “13th Five-Year Plan” for the development of strategic emerging industries.

In order to cultivate advanced manufacturing clusters, Li Jinbo believes that this is inseparable from the construction of regional innovation centers, the promotion of major national science and technology projects, and the cultivation of modern logistics and other productive services. In the "Internet +" application field, the "Belt and Road" related industries, medical health, military and civilian integration, etc., are the direction of the future manufacturing industry.

Longfei believes that the key link in the development of China's manufacturing industry is to promote the integration of information technology and manufacturing technology. This is in line with the two-in-one integration proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, applying information technology to the manufacturing process. "At the same time, promoting China's manufacturing to turn to 'intelligence' is inseparable from the group of small and medium-sized enterprises. China's small and medium-sized enterprises contribute 50% of tax revenue, 60% of GDP, 70% of innovation, 80% of new jobs, and 99% of enterprises. Is the main force of technological innovation."

In the face of opportunities, challenges cannot be ignored. Li Jinbo believes that in terms of quality, there is still a gap between Chinese products and European and American products in the psychological orientation of consumers. This is related to China's basic industrial level and industrial organization system. It is necessary to promote the spirit of artisans and strictly control the bad coins in supervision. The phenomenon of expelling good money; secondly, in the brand, China's factory OEM products can sell hundreds of dollars, and they sell tens of dollars. After industrial technology reaches a certain level, brand building is a key issue; third, efficiency issues, How to improve the efficiency of resource allocation and reduce the cost of financing, we must point the direction to find the answer; the fourth is to stimulate the dynamics, the reform of state-owned enterprises needs to be deepened, and the main body of innovation is still being shaped.

In response to the practical application of China's "intelligence", the former director of the National Center for Production, Education and Research Laser Technology, Zuo Tiezhen, believes that the agricultural sector should be inclined, including agricultural machinery and agricultural technology, which is determined by China's national conditions.

Some people in the IT industry said that cross-border cooperation in the fields of information technology and agriculture provides a broad space for smart manufacturing. “It is more intelligent in planting, monitoring soil moisture and fertilizer, regulating temperature and irrigation through sensors and Internet of Things, and improving planting efficiency. In some rural areas, organic tomatoes and watermelons grown in smart agriculture are not sold out. These are all useful attempts by China's smart manufacturing," he said. (Original title: Central Economic Work Conference on "China's Creation": Drawing the "Construction Map" of the Manufacturing Power)