Bicycle thread types: spokes, bearings and valves

The world of bicycles is a fascinating blend of history, engineering, and innovation. For those who love bikes or are just starting to explore the world of cycling, one thing that often goes unnoticed is the variety of **bicycle thread types** found on every component. From the pedals you twist to the valves that keep your tires inflated, threads play a crucial role in making your bike function smoothly. Bicycles have been around for over 200 years, and during this time, they've evolved significantly. In the early days, before the rise of motorized transport, bicycles were the main mode of personal mobility. This long history has led to a wide range of **thread standards**, some of which are still in use today. These variations come from different countries developing their own systems, resulting in a mix of **metric and imperial measurements** that can sometimes be confusing. One of the most unique aspects of bicycle threading is its diversity. The British BSA thread uses an inch-based system, while the French version is metric. Italy, as always, took a creative approach by combining both. Most of these threads feature a 60° flank angle, but there are exceptions, like the Italian thread with its 55° angle. This historical patchwork means that even today, identifying the correct thread type can be tricky—especially when dealing with imported bikes. In addition to these, there's also the German standard, known as **DIN 79012**, which includes the FG thread. This thread is fine but not considered a true fine thread. Its dimensions are expressed in millimeters, but they’re based on old inch measurements, which can make it a bit confusing. For example, FG 2 doesn’t mean 2 mm—it’s actually 2.096 mm. The pitch is given in threads per inch, adding another layer of complexity. Beyond the FG thread, other types like the **valve thread (VG)** and **metric ISO threads (M and MF)** are also commonly found on bicycles. The valve thread, standardized under DIN 7756, is used on tire valves and features a 60° flank angle. The metric standard (M) and metric fine (MF) threads are used for various parts such as brakes, gears, and chainrings. Understanding where each thread is used can help prevent mistakes during repairs or custom builds. For example, FG threads are typically found on high-stress components like axles, bottom brackets, and spokes. Pedals, on the other hand, use a specific FG 14.3 thread, and the left pedal is even threaded in the opposite direction to prevent loosening during riding. If you're ever unsure about the right thread type, it's always a good idea to consult an expert or use a **thread gauge**. These tools can help identify the exact size and pitch, ensuring a perfect fit. Companies like BAER offer a wide range of thread cutting tools and gauges, making it easier than ever to work on your bike with confidence. Whether you're a seasoned cyclist or just getting started, understanding bicycle thread types can make all the difference in maintaining and customizing your ride. With the right knowledge and tools, you’ll be able to tackle any project with ease.

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